Unadjusted and adjusted odds of developing complications using simple logistic regression (N=9551)
| Variables | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) |
| Insurance status | ||
| Self-paid | 1.32 (1.16, 1.50) | 1.17 (1.02, 1.35) |
| Age categories (years) | ||
| 70–79 | 1.23 (1.12, 1.35) | 1.04 (0.94, 1.16) |
| ≥80 | 1.53 (1.35, 1.74) | 1.16 (1.01, 1.34) |
| Sex | ||
| Female | 1.03 (0.95, 1.12) | – |
| Admission source | ||
| Emergency room | 4.22 (3.86, 4.61) | 2.77 (2.51, 3.07) |
| Surgical intervention | ||
| Operated | 0.39 (0.36, 0.43) | 0.52 (0.48, 0.58) |
| Length of stay | 1.19 (1.18, 1.21) | 1.15 (1.13, 1.17) |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index | ||
| 1 (mild) | 2.18 (1.97, 2.41) | 1.79 (1.60, 1.99) |
| 2 (moderate) | 6.06 (5.20, 7.07) | 3.93 (3.35, 4.64) |
| 3 (severe) | 3.75 (3.26, 4.32) | 2.28 (1.95, 2.66) |
| Residence | ||
| Outside city | 1.33 (1.19, 1.49) | 1.33 (1.18, 1.51) |
Logistic regression applied.
Reference categories from top to bottom: insurance status=privately insured; age categories=60–69 years; sex=male; admission source=consulting clinics; surgical intervention=non-operated; Carlson Comorbidity Index score=0 (none); residence=within Karachi.