Hospital resource utilization stratified by helmet use
| Patient characteristics | Helmet | No helmet | P value |
| (n=1821) | (n=5338) | ||
| Hospital LOS | |||
| Days, mean (SD) | 6.9 (8.2) | 9.5 (15.2) | <0.001 |
| Days, range | 1–116 | 1–357 | |
| ICU LOS | |||
| Admitted, n (%) | 850 (47.7) | 2811 (52.7) | <0.001 |
| Days, mean (SD) | 5.5 (7.5) | 6.7 (8.8) | <0.001 |
| Days, range | 1–72 | 1–133 | |
| Mechanical ventilation | |||
| Ventilated, n (%) | 296 (16.3) | 1385 (26.0) | <0.001 |
| Ventilator days, mean (SD) | 7.7 (10.8) | 7.1 (9.6) | 0.38 |
| Ventilator days, range | 1–72 | 1–175 |
ICU, intensive care unit; LOS, length of stay.