Demographics and baseline characteristics stratified by non-violent traumatic injury vs. violent or intentional traumatic injury (with and without service use)
| All patients (n=1432) | VOCARP service use? | Non-violent traumatic injury control group (n=201) | P value* | ||
| Yes (n=1019) | No (n=212) | ||||
| Age (years)±SD | 36.6±15.5 | 34.4±13.7 | 36.2±14.4 | 48.4±19.5 | 0.085 |
| Male | 838 (58.5%) | 567 (55.6%) | 150 (70.8%) | 121 (60.2%) | <0.001 |
| Race | |||||
| Caucasian | 606 (42.4%) | 378 (37.1%) | 78 (37.0%) | 150 (74.6%) | 1.00 |
| Black American | 714 (49.9%) | 553 (54.3%) | 119 (56.4%) | 42 (20.9%) | 0.65 |
| Other | 111 (7.8%) | 88 (8.6%) | 14 (6.6%) | 9 (4.5%) | 0.41 |
| Ethnicity | |||||
| Non-Hispanic | 1313 (91.7%) | 926 (90.9%) | 193 (91.0%) | 194 (96.5%) | 1.00 |
| Hispanic | 119 (8.3%) | 93 (9.1%) | 19 (9.0%) | 7 (3.5%) | 1.00 |
| Marital status | |||||
| Single | 1013 (70.7%) | 800 (78.5%) | 107 (50.5%) | 106 (52.7%) | <0.001 |
| Married or significant other | 267 (18.7%) | 119 (11.7%) | 86 (40.6%) | 62 (30.9%) | <0.001 |
| Divorced | 125 (8.7%) | 86 (8.4%) | 15 (7.1%) | 24 (11.9%) | 0.58 |
| Widowed | 27 (1.9%) | 14 (1.4%) | 4 (1.9%) | 9 (4.5%) | 0.53 |
| Employment | |||||
| Employed | 506 (35.4%) | 356 (35.0%) | 75 (35.4%) | 75 (37.3%) | 0.94 |
| Unemployed | 820 (57.4%) | 638 (62.8%) | 107 (50.5%) | 75 (37.3%) | 0.0012 |
| Retired | 62 (4.3%) | 8 (0.8%) | 8 (3.8%) | 46 (22.9%) | 0.0025 |
| Student | 41 (2.9%) | 14 (1.4%) | 22 (10.4%) | 5 (2.5%) | <0.001 |
| Insurance | |||||
| Medicaid | 913 (64.1%) | 687 (67.4%) | 152 (74.2%) | 74 (36.8%) | 0.26 |
| Medicare | 98 (6.9%) | 48 (4.7%) | 9 (4.4%) | 41 (20.4%) | 0.86 |
| BWC | 39 (2.7%) | 25 (2.5%) | 0 (0%) | 14 (7.0%) | 0.014 |
| Uninsured | 187 (13.1%) | 158 (15.5%) | 17 (8.3%) | 12 (6.0%) | 0.0034 |
| Commercial | 63 (4.4%) | 36 (3.5%) | 9 (4.4%) | 18 (9.0%) | 0.55 |
| Managed care | 125 (8.8%) | 65 (6.4%) | 18 (8.8%) | 42 (20.9%) | 0.29 |
Bold denotes statistical significance.
*P values represent univariate statistical comparisons between VOCARP service users and non-users.
BWC, Bureau of Workers’ Compensation; VOCARP, Victims of Crime Advocacy and Recovery Program.