HRs for 1-year mortality after hip fracture surgery
| Variable | HR (95% CI) | P value* |
| Revised Cardiac Risk Index (RCRI) | ||
| 0 | Ref. | |
| 1 | 1.32 (1.28 to 1.35) | <0.001 |
| 2 | 1.81 (1.75 to 1.87) | <0.001 |
| 3 | 2.35 (2.24 to 2.47) | <0.001 |
| ≥4 | 2.81 (2.58 to 3.06) | <0.001 |
| Age | 1.06 (1.06 to 1.06) | <0.001 |
| Sex | ||
| Female | Ref. | |
| Male | 1.58 (1.54 to 1.62) | <0.001 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | ||
| No | Ref. | |
| Yes | 1.27 (1.21 to 1.33) | <0.001 |
| Dementia | ||
| No | Ref. | |
| Yes | 1.84 (1.80 to 1.88) | <0.001 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | ||
| No | Ref. | |
| Yes | 1.31 (1.27 to 1.36) | <0.001 |
| Connective tissue disease | ||
| No | Ref. | |
| Yes | 1.02 (0.97 to 1.07) | 0.516 |
| Liver disease | ||
| No | Ref. | |
| Yes | 1.92 (1.73 to 2.12) | <0.001 |
| Cancer | ||
| None | Ref. | |
| Local tumor | 1.32 (1.28 to 1.36) | <0.001 |
| Metastatic | 3.42 (3.25 to 3.6) | <0.001 |
| Type of surgery | ||
| Pins or screws | Ref. | |
| Pins or screws with sideplate | 0.98 (0.95 to 1.02) | 0.316 |
| Intramedullary rod | 0.92 (0.89 to 0.96) | <0.001 |
| Hemiarthroplasty | 0.91 (0.88 to 0.94) | <0.001 |
| Total hip replacement | 0.52 (0.48 to 0.56) | <0.001 |
Cox regression model adjusted for age, sex, comorbidities and type of surgery.
*The linear trend of the HRs for 1-year mortality for the RCRI was tested using the LR test (p=0.018), the BIC score was reduced by 25.3 and the p value for the trend is <0.001.
BIC, Bayesian Information Criterion; LR, likelihood ratio.