Descriptive analysis for demographics and outcomes in patients with traumatic rib fractures based on smoking status
| Smoker (n=693) | Non-smoker (n=1187) | P value | |
| Age* | |||
| 18–45 | 337 (48.6) | 402 (34.6) | <0.001 |
| 46–64 | 276 (39.8) | 418 (35.9) | |
| 65+ | 80 (11.6) | 343 (29.5) | |
| Mean | 46±15 | 53±18 | <0.001 |
| Sex | |||
| Male | 505 (72.9) | 783 (66.0) | 0.002 |
| Race* | |||
| White | 540 (78.0) | 921 (77.7) | 0.106 |
| Black or African American | 129 (18.7) | 201 (17.0) | |
| Others | 23 (3.3) | 63 (5.3) | |
| Smoker | |||
| Alcohol use disorder | 115 (16.6) | 89 (7.5) | <0.001 |
| Number of ribs fractured | |||
| Single | 75 (10.8) | 152 (12.8) | 0.277 |
| Multiple | 342 (49.3) | 609 (51.3) | |
| Flail | 6 (0.9) | 12 (1.0) | |
| Unspecified | 270 (39.0) | 414 (34.9) | |
| AIS thorax body region | 3 (2–3) | 3 (2–3) | 0.439 |
| ISS | 17 (13–27) | 17 (12–26) | 0.085 |
| Hospital days | 5 (2–11) | 5 (2–11) | 0.348 |
| ICU days | 0 (0–5) | 1 (0–5) | 0.347 |
| Ventilator days | 0 (0–2) | 0 (0–2) | 0.542 |
| Pneumonia or VAP | 86 (12.4) | 152 (12.8) | 0.804 |
| ARDS | 33 (4.8) | 43 (3.6) | 0.226 |
| Pneumothorax | 160 (23.1) | 239 (20.1) | 0.131 |
| Mortality | 15 (2.2) | 57 (4.8) | 0.004 |
Results are presented as n (%), mean±SD, or median (IQR), as appropriate.
*Missing data are not included in the summary.
AIS, Abbreviated Injury Scale; ARDS, adult respiratory distress syndrome; ICU, intensive care unit; ISS, Injury Severity Score; VAP, ventilator-associated pneumonia.