Associations of variables with multiple re-explorations
| Variable, n (%) | 1 re-exploration 4773 (64.2) | >1 re-exploration 2658 (35.8) | P value |
| Any infectious complications | 1270 (26.6) | 1239 (46.6) | <0.001 |
| Age, ≥55 years | 725 (15.2) | 427 (16.1) | 0.318 |
| Male | 3875 (81.2) | 2124 (79.9) | 0.170 |
| Blunt mechanism | 2017 (42.3) | 1157 (43.6) | 0.786 |
| Interhospital transfer | 709 (14.8) | 373 (14.0) | 0.336 |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Hypertension | 542 (11.4) | 325 (12.2) | 0.262 |
| Alcoholism | 296 (6.2) | 189 (7.1) | 0.128 |
| Respiratory disease | 181 (3.8) | 113 (4.2) | 0.330 |
| Bleeding disorder | 100 (2.1) | 64 (2.4) | 0.379 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 214 (4.5) | 134 (5.0) | 0.275 |
| Current smoker | 863 (18.1) | 430 (16.2) | 0.038 |
| Obesity | 273 (5.7) | 178 (6.7) | 0.091 |
| Cirrhosis | 63 (1.3) | 48 (1.8) | 0.098 |
| Drug abuse or dependence | 279 (5.9) | 154 (5.8) | 0.928 |
| Injury Severity Score | <0.001 | ||
| <16 | 1019 (21.4) | 427 (16.1) | |
| ≥16 | 3754 (78.6) | 2231 (83.9) | |
| Glasgow Coma Scale score | 0.241 | ||
| 13–15 | 3080 (64.5) | 1679 (63.2) | |
| 3–12 | 1693 (35.5) | 979 (36.8) | |
| Abnormal ED vital signs | |||
| Oxygen saturation <95% | 707 (17.2) | 451 (20.1) | 0.005 |
| Temperature <36.4°C or >37.6°C | 3440 (72.1) | 2009 (75.6) | 0.001 |
| Pulse <60 or >100 beats/min | 2765 (59.0) | 1686 (64.8) | <0.001 |
| SBP <90 mm Hg | 1266 (26.5) | 816 (30.7) | <0.001 |
| RR <12 or >16 breaths/min | 3641 (80.7) | 2055 (82.7) | 0.038 |
| In-hospital mortality | 382 (14.3) | 434 (16.3) | 0.018 |
| HLOS (days) | <0.001 | ||
| 1–7 | 888 (18.6) | 163 (6.1) | |
| >7 | 3885 (81.4) | 2495 (93.9) | |
| ICULOS (days) | <0.001 | ||
| 0 | 294 (6.2) | 53 (2.0) | |
| 1–7 | 2358 (49.4) | 523 (19.7) | |
| >7 | 2121 (44.4) | 2082 (78.3) | |
| Ventilator days | <0.001 | ||
| 0 | 770 (16.1) | 173 (6.5) | |
| 1–5 | 2297 (48.1) | 623 (23.4) | |
| >5 | 1706 (35.7) | 1862 (70.1) |
Bolded p values indicate statistical significance.
ED, emergency department; HLOS, hospital length of stay; ; ICULOS, intensive care unit length of stay; RR, respiratory rate; SBP, systolic blood pressure.