Characteristics and outcomes of patients with and without prehospital hypotension
| Hypotensive (n=82) | Normotensive (n=462) | P value | |
| SBP (mm Hg, mean) | 80±9 | 138±30 | <0.001 |
| Age (years, mean) | 51.7±18.8 | 51.3±20.8 | NS |
| Gender (male) | 51 (62.2%) | 326 (70.6%) | NS |
| Penetrating mechanism | 14 (17.7%) | 62 (13.4%) | NS |
| Tourniquet use | 4 (4.9%) | 7 (1.5%) | NS |
| Medical history | |||
| CHF | 1 (1.2%) | 15 (3.3%) | NS |
| CKD/dialysis | 2 (2.4%) | 3 (0.7%) | NS |
| Cirrhosis | 1 (1.2%) | 7 (1.5%) | NS |
| Hypertension | 33 (40.2%) | 163 (35.3%) | NS |
| Diabetes | 6 (7.3%) | 52 (11.3%) | NS |
| Myocardial ischemia | 2 (2.4%) | 6 (1.3%) | NS |
| Dementia | 2 (2.4%) | 19 (4.1%) | NS |
| Alcohol abuse | 12 (14.6%) | 75 (16.2%) | NS |
| Drug abuse | 12 (14.6%) | 78 (16.9%) | NS |
| Steroid use | 1 (1.2%) | 12 (2.6%) | NS |
| ED hypotension | 33 (40.2%) | 70 (15.3%) | 0.001 |
| SI >1 | 50 (61%) | 47 (10.1%) | 0.001 |
| Significant injury | 34 (41.5%) | 213 (46.1%) | NS |
| Transfusion (24 h) | 36 (45.2%) | 158 (38.9%) | NS |
| Death in ED | 11 (13.4%) | 33 (7.1%) | NS |
| Emergent operation* | 26 (36.6%) | 130 (30.3%) | NS |
| In-hospital mortality* | 17 (20.7%) | 87 (18.8%) | NS |
| ISS (median, IQR) | 13 (5–22) | 17 (9–26) | NS |
| ISS >16 | 35 (42.7%) | 245 (53.2%) | NS |
*Rates in patients who survived in the ED.
CHF, congestive heart failure; CKD, chronic kidney disease; ED, emergency department; ISS, Injury Severity Score; ; NS, not significant; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SI, shock index.