Demographics, mental health and substance use, clinical characteristics and emergency department (ED) visit utilization among trauma patients with elevated risk for mental health and substance use comorbidity (n=169)
| Characteristic | n (%)/m (SD) |
| Demographics | |
| Age | 42.1 (15.9) |
| Female | 96 (56.8) |
| Race | |
| White | 94 (55.6) |
| African-American | 27 (16.0) |
| Native American | 22 (13.0) |
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 14 (8.3) |
| Hispanic | 12 (7.1) |
| Homeless at baseline | 14 (8.3) |
| Public insurance | 163 (96.4) |
| Mental health and substance use | |
| PCL-C score ≥35 (risk for PTSD) | 127 (75.1) |
| PHQ-9 ≥10 (current moderate depression) | 155 (91.7) |
| PHQ-9 item 9 score ≥1 (current suicidality) | 41 (24.3) |
| AUDIT-C score positive (current alcohol use disorder) | 83 (49.1) |
| History of alcohol use | 23 (13.6) |
| History of major psychiatric illness | 54 (32.0) |
| Clinical characteristics | |
| Injury Severity Score | 15.1 (11.3) |
| ICU admit | 96 (56.8) |
| Emergency department utilization | |
| Self-report ED visits in past year | 1.3 (2.4) |
| EDIE ED visits in past year | 1.5 (2.5) |
| EDIE distinct hospitals visited in past year | 0.69 (0.97) |
| Self-report ED visits match EDIE | 93 (55.0) |
| Self-report is less than EDIE (under-reporting) | 36 (21.3) |
| Self-report is more than EDIE (over-reporting) | 40 (23.6) |
AUDIT-C, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test Consumption; ED, emergency department; EDIE, Emergency Department Information Exchange; ICU, intensive care unit; PCL-C, PTSD CheckList-Civilian version; PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire 9; PTSD, post-traumatic stress disorder.