Table 1

Patient variables and comorbidities stratified by time of death

	No death n=16 386		Early death n=899		Late death n=1518		Total n=18 803		P value
	No death n=16 386		Early death n=899		Late death n=1518		Total n=18 803			n	(%)	n	(%)	n	(%)	n	(%)
	Patient characteristics
Female gender	8782	53.59	519	57.73	804	52.96	10 105	53.74		0.044
Ages 65–80	5352	32.66	377	41.94	619	40.78	6348	33.76	<0.001
Age ≥80	2892	17.65	268	29.81	549	36.17	3709	19.73	<0.001
White race	11 961	73	691	76.86	1179	77.67	13 831	73.56	<0.001
Black race	1714	10.46	91	10.12	120	7.91	1925	10.24	0.007
Not white or black race	2711	16.54	117	13.01	219	14.43	3047	16.2	0.003
Comorbidities
Smoker	3382	20.64	203	22.58	305	20.09	3890	20.69	0.314
COPD	1557	9.5	172	19.13	395	26.02	2124	11.3	<0.001
Ascites	460	2.81	93	10.34	138	9.09	691	3.67	<0.001
ESRD	472	2.88	110	12.24	123	8.1	705	3.75	<0.001
DM	2492	15.21	205	22.8	340	22.4	3037	16.15	<0.001
Obese	4755	29.02	268	29.81	408	26.88	5431	28.88	0.174
Recent transfusion*	1341	8.18	116	12.9	207	13.64	1664	8.85	<0.001
SIRS	1859	11.35	47	5.23	133	8.76	2039	10.84	<0.001
Sepsis	4917	30.01	183	20.36	479	31.55	5579	29.67	<0.001
Septic shock	1607	9.81	539	59.96	564	37.15	2710	14.41	<0.001
ASA 1–3	11 863	72.4	142	15.79	403	26.55	12 408	65.99	<0.001
ASA 4–5	4523	27.61	757	84.2	1115	73.45	6395	34.02	<0.001
Ventilated	675	4.12	333	37.04	307	20.22	1315	6.99	<0.001

*Transfusion >4 units of packed red blood cells (PRBC) in 72 hours before surgery.
ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classification System;COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease;DM, diabetes mellitus;ESRD, end-stage renal disease;SIRS, systemic inflammatory response syndrome.