Risk factors for mortality in the ED group
| Survived (n=22) | Died (n=21) | P value | |
| Age (years), mean±SD | 38±19 | 51±19 | 0.89 |
| ISS, mean±SD | 25±14 | 35±15 | 0.86 |
| RTS, mean±SD | 7±1 | 5±3 | 0.01 |
| TRISS Ps, % | 81±29 | 51±40 | 0.02 |
| Blunt trauma, n (%) | 13 (59) | 19 (91) | 0.03 |
| Time from admission to operation >90 min, n (%) | 16 (73) | 17 (81) | 0.72 |
| Shock (SBP <90 mm Hg) at the scene of the injury, n (%) | 8 (36) | 11 (52) | 0.36 |
| Shock at admission, n (%) | 6 (27) | 11 (52) | 0.12 |
| Shock prior to operation, n (%) | 10 (46) | 15 (71) | 0.12 |
| Shock after the induction of anesthesia, n (%) | 10 (46) | 7 (33) | 0.54 |
| REBOA placement, n (%) | 0 | 5 (24) | 0.02 |
| Laparotomy alone, n (%) | 18 (82) | 5 (24) | <0.01 |
| Thoracotomy alone, n (%) | 1 (5) | 14 (19) | 0.19 |
| Laparotomy then thoracotomy, n (%) | 0 | 5 (24) | 0.02 |
| Thoracotomy then laparotomy, n (%) | 1 (5) | 2 (10) | 0.61 |
| Retroperitoneal pelvic packing, n (%) | 2 (9) | 5 (24) | 0.10 |
| Units of RBC transfused within 24 hours, mean±SD | 19±15 | 22±21 | 0.13 |
| Units of FFP transfused within 24 hours, mean±SD | 14±14 | 12±15 | 0.67 |
| Units of platelets transfused within 24 hours, mean±SD | 14±15 | 10±15 | 0.15 |
ED group: trauma patients who underwent emergency operation in the emergency department.
ED, emergency department; FFP, fresh frozen plasma; ISS, Injury Severity Score; RBC, red blood cells; REBOA, resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta; RTS, Revised Trauma Score; SBP, systolic blood pressure; TRISS Ps, Trauma and Injury Severity Score probability of survival.