Table 5

Predictors of mortality for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome after trauma*

	OR	95% CI	P value
Demographics
Age
16–25	Baseline
26–45	1.20	1.08 to 1.33	0.001
46–65	2.10	1.89 to 2.34	<0.001
66–75	3.60	3.08 to 4.20	<0.001
>75	6.73	5.79 to 7.81	<0.001
Male	1.12	1.03 to 1.21	0.005
Race
White	Baseline
Black	1.08	0.98 to 1.18	0.1
Hispanic or Latino	1.04	0.92 to 1.19	0.5
Other	0.90	0.75 to 1.09	0.3
Insurance
Medicaid	Baseline
Medicare	1.35	1.19 to 1.52	<0.001
Private	0.93	0.84 to 1.03	0.1
Self-pay	1.71	1.52 to 1.93	<0.001
Extrathoracic risk factors
EtOH
No-confirmed	Baseline
Not tested	0.97	0.88 to 1.06	0.5
Below 0.08	0.96	0.83 to 1.12	0.6
Above 0.08	0.73	0.66 to 0.82	<0.001
Drugs
No-confirmed	Baseline
Not tested	1.07	0.96 to 1.18	0.2
Yes-prescription	0.71	0.60 to 0.83	<0.001
Yes-illegal	0.83	0.74 to 0.93	0.002
Injury Severity Score	1.05	1.04 to 1.05	<0.001
Lowest ED systolic blood pressure	1.00	1.00 to 1.00	<0.001
Temperature	0.96	0.95 to 0.98	<0.001
GCS motor score	0.79	0.78 to 0.81	<0.001
Thoracic risk factors
Trauma-induced lung contusion	0.91	0.84 to 0.99	0.025
Traumatic rib fracture
No rib fractures	Baseline
1 rib fracture	0.68	0.59 to 0.78	<0.001
2 rib fractures	0.73	0.61 to 0.88	0.001
3 rib fractures	0.64	0.52 to 0.78	<0.001
4 rib fractures	0.81	0.69 to 0.94	0.007
5 rib fractures	0.57	0.46 to 0.71	<0.001
6 rib fractures	0.54	0.42 to 0.68	<0.001
7 rib fractures	0.43	0.33 to 0.56	<0.001
≥8 rib fractures	0.51	0.44 to 0.59	<0.001
Rib fracture (NOS)	0.76	0.66 to 0.87	<0.001
Flail chest	0.56	0.48 to 0.66	<0.001
Comorbidities
Alcoholism	0.92	0.82 to 1.03	0.2
Bleeding disorder	1.50	1.34 to 1.68	<0.001
Congestive heart failure	1.22	1.07 to 1.39	0.004
Current smoker	0.78	0.70 to 0.88	<0.001
Diabetes mellitus	1.17	1.06 to 1.29	0.001
History of angina within 30 days	0.97	0.73 to 1.30	0.9
History of myocardial infarction	1.18	0.98 to 1.42	0.09
Hypertension requiring medications	0.90	0.83 to 0.97	0.009
Obesity	1.00	0.87 to 1.13	0.9
History of respiratory disease	1.08	0.96 to 1.20	0.2

*C-statistic=0.94.
ED, emergency department; EtOH, preinjury alcohol consumption; GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; NOS, not otherwise specified.