Epidemiology of patients presenting to emergency department with venomous and non-venomous animal-related injuries, weighted values—USA, 2010–2014
| Venomous snakes and lizards (E-905.0) | Venomous spiders (E-905.1) | Scorpions (E905.2) | Hornets, wasps, bees (E905.3) | Centipede and venomous millipedes (E905.4) | Other venomous arthropods (E905.5) | Venomous marine animals and plants (E905.6) | Other sting or bite, specified (E905.8) | Sting or venomous bite not otherwise specified (E905.9) | |
| n (% total animal encounters) | 43 911 (1) | 164 667 (3) | 34 870 (1) | 812 357 (13) | 6135 (0) | 142 066 (2) | 34 871 (1) | 3100 (0) | 40 037 (1) |
| Mean age in years (95% CI) | 37.2 (36.8 to 37.6) | 33.7 (33.5 to 33.9) | 31.8 (31.2 to 32.3) | 35.2 (35.1 to 35.3) | 39.2 (37.8 to 40.6) | 29.0 (28.7 to 29.2) | 31.2 (30.8 to 31.7) | 30.1 (28.4 to 31.8) | 30.6 (30.1 to 31.1) |
| Age category (years) | |||||||||
| 0–17 | 8389 (19) | 28 602 (17) | 12 375 (35) | 219 905 (27) | 1101 (18) | 53 646 (38) | 9625 (28) | 1125 (36) | 13 709 (34) |
| 18–44 | 18 713 (43) | 91 658 (55) | 12 375 (35) | 299 459 (37) | 2461 (40) | 50 415 (35) | 16 684 (48) | 1191 (38) | 15 667 (39) |
| 45–64 | 12 906 (29) | 37 053 (22) | 6513 (18) | 201 149 (25) | 1814 (29) | 25 854 (18) | 7059 (20) | 556 (18) | 7834 (19) |
| 65–74 | 2646 (6) | 5915 (4) | 2605 (7) | 59 504 (7) | 466 (8) | 8402 (6) | 1283 (4) | 185 (6) | 2219 (5) |
| 75–84 | 1097 (2) | 2210 (1) | 1303 (4) | 26 518 (3) | 285 (5) | 3555 (2) | 205 (1) | 86 (3) | 979 (2) |
| >85 | 161 (0) | 520 (0) | 345 (1) | 7115 (1) | 71 (1) | 840 (1) | 15 (0) | 21 (1) | 274 (1) |
| Male (%) | 29 704 (68) | 82 656 (50) | 15 498 (44) | 453 319 (56) | 2648 (43) | 67 158 (47) | 20 664 (59) | 1614 (51) | 19 373 (48) |
| Region | |||||||||
| Northeast | 649 (1) | 7810 (5) | 78 (0) | 158 461 (19) | 267 (4) | 10 326 (7) | 1471 (4) | 983 (31) | 4193 (10) |
| Mid-west | 3697 (8) | 31 239 (19) | 236 (1) | 188 860 (23) | 137 (2) | 13 553 (9) | 768 (2) | 262 (8) | 5896 (14) |
| South | 32 431 (74) | 91 115 (55) | 4276 (12) | 333 092 (41) | 651 (11) | 98 825 (69) | 23 034 (66) | 1310 (41) | 24 239 (60) |
| West | 7134 (16) | 35 795 (22) | 30 925 (87) | 133 236 (16) | 5143 (83) | 20 007 (14) | 9597 (28) | 609 (19) | 6355 (16) |
| Payer data | |||||||||
| Medicare | 5181 (12) | 17 572 (11) | 4539 (13) | 115 072 (14) | 712 (11) | 16 262 (11) | 1804 (5) | 383 (12) | 4434 (11) |
| Medicaid | 7676 (17) | 48 812 (29) | 9867 (28) | 221 739 (27) | 1814 (29) | 49 435 (35) | 4896 (14) | 1055 (33) | 13 142 (32) |
| Private insurance | 16 631 (38) | 41 652 (25) | 13 815 (39) | 301 256 (37) | 2786 (45) | 42 931 (30) | 19 970 (57) | 1055 (33) | 12 485 (31) |
| Self-pay | 10 234 (23) | 46 859 (28) | 5263 (15) | 120 890 (15) | 648 (10) | 24 718 (17) | 6184 (18) | 541 (17) | 7885 (19) |
| No charge | 479 (1) | 1952 (1) | 190 (1) | 3620 (0) | 19 (0) | 911 (1) | 277 (1) | 5 (0) | 270 (1) |
| Other | 3710 (8) | 9112 (5) | 1842 (5) | 51 072 (6) | 221 (4) | 8456 (6) | 1740 (5) | 126 (4) | 2366 (6) |
| Household income compared with patient’s ZIP code | |||||||||
| 0–25th | 17 015 (39) | 72 607 (44) | 9867 (28) | 258 918 (32) | 766 (12) | 57 085 (40) | 6487 (19) | 418 (13) | 16 404 (40) |
| 26th–50th | 11 780 (27) | 46 676 (28) | 9207 (26) | 229 789 (28) | 975 (16) | 40 867 (29) | 8789 (25) | 418 (13) | 11 155 (27) |
| 51st–75th | 9162 (21) | 30 469 (18) | 8550 (24) | 175 417 (22) | 2995 (48) | 27 893 (20) | 9462 (27) | 418 (13) | 7874 (19) |
| 76th100th | 5955 (14) | 16 207 (10) | 7892 (22) | 149 525 (18) | 1463 (24) | 16 866 (12) | 10 137 (29) | 1910 (60) | 5249 (13) |
| Injury burden | |||||||||
| Isolated head/neck | 17 (0) | 47 (0) | 9 (0) | 647 (0) | – | 124 (0) | 17 (0) | 6 (0) | 47 (0) |
| Isolated face | – | 5 (0) | – | 10 (0) | – | 3 (0) | – | – | – |
| Isolated chest | – | 6 (0) | – | 37 (0) | – | 21 (0) | – | – | – |
| Isolated abdomen | – | 31 (0) | – | 34 (0) | – | 9 (0) | – | – | 5 (0) |
| Isolated extremity | 256 (1) | 520 (0) | 21 (0) | 1358 (0) | 3 (0) | 221 (0) | 376 (1) | 150 (5) | 104 (0) |
| Isolated external | 23 (0) | 234 (0) | 23 (0) | 543 (0) | 15 (0) | 208 (0) | 24 (0) | 7 (0) | 33 (0) |
| Multiple body regions | 43 615 (99) | 165 115 (99) | 34 871 (100) | 811 020 (100) | 6181 (100) | 142 126 (100) | 34 454 (99) | 3001 (95) | 40 493 (100) |
| Injury Severity Score >15 | 15 (0) | 65 (0) | 4 (0) | 194 (0) | – | 71 (0) | 11 (0) | – | 10 (0) |
| Hospitalized (%) | 10 332 (24) | 16 790 (10) | 458 (1) | 9041 (1) | 187 (3) | 2712 (2) | 568 (2) | 103 (3) | 839 (2) |
| Fatalities per 10 000 patient visits (%) | 28 (6) | 71 (4) | 4 (1) | 200 (2) | – | 48 (3) | – | – | 13 (3) |
| Mean ED and inpatient cost, US$ (range) | 86 333 (242–1 813 253) | 26 975 (474–951 618) | 31 322 (905–253 511) | 20 598 (117–746 799) | 17 595 (4076–122 027) | 27 290 (2175–1 099 120) | 25 032 (2127–214 107) | 25 422 (2312–151 777) | 22 883 (485–173 026) |
| Total ED and inpatient cost, US$ (95% CI) | 898 000 000 (852 000 000 to 945 000 000) | 450 000 000 (428 000 000 to 47 300 000) | 1 430 000 (11 100 000 to 17 400 000) | 189 000 000 (170 000 000 to 209 000 000) | 3 245 584 (1 824 491 to 4 666 678) | 74 100 000 (62 000 000 to 86 300 000) | 14 000 000 (11 300 000 to 16 600 000) | 2 675 194 (1 098 074 to 4 252 314) | 19 600 000 (15 600 000 to 23 700 000) |