Summary of evidence for preventative efficacy of HVIPs in adult patients (age 18+) treated for intentional violent injury
| Study | Study overview and effect size | Risk of bias | Quality | Importance |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aboutanos et al6 | Randomized clinical trial; Group I received psychoeducational intervention and Group II psychoeducational intervention plus wraparound services, compared to historical trauma registry data; no interventional effect on recidivism. | H | L | L |
| Becker (2004)12 | Retrospective case–control study; Crisis intervention specialists with upbringings similar to the patients met with enrollees and their families, followed by assistance with engaging community resources, home visits and housing; the intervention had no reported effect on intentional violent injury and/or death recidivism. | H | L | L |
| Chong et al34 | Cost-effectiveness analysis. Markov model estimating a US$750 000–1 million annual savings by decreasing recidivism from 4% to 2.5% for participants in HVIP. | |||
| Cooper (2006)14 | Randomized clinical trial; additional psychosocial services provided for the intervention group; reported 5% intentional violent injury and/or death recidivism rate. | H | L | L |
| Gomez (2012)32 | Prospective observational study; tailored service plans and referred community services; violent injury recidivism rate reduced from 8.7% to 2.9%; due to only having access to the abstract reviews authors not privy to any statistical significance reporting. | H | L | L |
| Juillard (2015)33 | Cost-effectiveness analysis. Markov model estimating a US$6000 cost savings per patient over 5 years for a 7% recidivism rate. | |||
| Shibru (2007)18 | Retrospective cohort study; peer interventionists for hospitalized violently injured patients, no set curriculum of intervention; no reduction in intentional violent injury and/or death recidivism. | H | L | L |
| Smith (2013)24 | Retrospective observational study; reduction rate in intentional violent injury recidivism. | H | L | L |
| Zun (2006)30 | Randomized clinical trial; the intervention group provided assessment and 6-month case management in contrast to the control group receiving a resource list; at 6 months violence victimization rates were 6.5% for the intervention group and 7.4% for the control; rates based on self-reports. | H | L | L |
| Zun (2004)31 | Randomized clinical trial; the intervention group received case management and community-based resources and the control group received a brochure describing available resources, measured outcome at 6 and 12 months was attitude toward violence; no demonstrated effect. | H | L | VL |
H, high; HVIPs, Hospital-based violence intervention programs; L, low; VL, very low.