Proteinase-activated receptors are a recently described, novel family of seven-transmembrane
G-protein-coupled receptors. Rather then being stimulated through ligand receptor …

Bioenergy deployment offers significant potential for climate change mitigation, but also carries
considerable risks. In this review, we bring together perspectives of various communities …

… GHG emissions associated with corn ethanol production in a recent vintage natural gas-fired
dry mill are ∼61g CO 2 e MJ −1 , compared with ∼94g CO 2 e MJ −1 for gasoline (Plevin …

To study the potential effects of increased biofuel use, we evaluated six representative analyses
of fuel ethanol. Studies that reported negative net energy incorrectly ignored coproducts …

The social cost of carbon dioxide (SC-CO 2 ) measures the monetized value of the damages
to society caused by an incremental metric tonne of CO 2 emissions and is a key metric …

Releases of greenhouse gases (GHG) from indirect land-use change triggered by crop-based
biofuels have taken center stage in the debate over the role of biofuels in climate policy …

The life cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions induced by increased biofuel consumption
are highly uncertain: individual estimates vary from each other and each has a wide intrinsic …

Life cycle assessment (LCA) is generally described as a tool for environmental decision
making. Results from attributional LCA (ALCA), the most commonly used LCA method, often are …

Using physiological, pharmacological, and gene disruption approaches, we demonstrate
that proteinase-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) plays a pivotal role in mediating chronic …

The response of cells to extracellular stimuli is mediated in part by a number of intracellular
kinase and phosphatase enzymes. Within this area of research the activation of the p42 and …