Summary of patient factors and outcomes based on treatment groups
| Number of patients | Overall (n=10 938) | Rigid collar (n=8091) | Halo (n=1543) | Surgical fixation (n=1304) |
| Females (%) | 53.5 | 55.0 | 50.9* | 48.3* |
| Age Distribution (years) | ||||
| 65–74 (%) | 26.8 | 24.5 | 32.9* | 32.3* |
| 75–84 (%) | 40.6 | 39.1 | 43.0* | 45.8* |
| 85–94 (%) | 29.6 | 32.6 | 22.5* | 21.3* |
| ≥95 (%) | 3.1 | 3.8 | 1.6* | 0.6* |
| Polytrauma (%) | 65.1 | 67.5 | 60.8* | 55.5*† |
| Ground level fall (%) | 39.25 | 40.01 | 38.04 | 35.97 |
| Fall from height (%) | 16.9 | 16.92 | 17.24 | 16.41 |
| All other mechanisms (%) | 43.85 | 43.07 | 44.72 | 47.62* |
| Tracheostomy (%) | 5.4 | 3.09 | 6.03* | 7.13* |
| Gastrostomy (%) | 4.9 | 2.76 | 5.31* | 6.52* |
| Dementia (%) | 2.54 | 2.62 | 2.72 | 1.84 |
| Complication during initial admission % | 18.9 | 18.3 | 18.0 | 24.1*† |
| Mortality | ||||
| Overall (%) | 50.3 | 51.4 | 52.0 | 41.5*† |
| Initial admission (%) | 9.9 | 10.8 | 7.3* | 6.2* |
| Initial admission+complication (%) | 22.4 | 24.1 | 18.1 | 18.2 |
| 30 day (%) | 14.4 | 16.2 | 11.2* | 7.3*† |
| 30-day+complication (%) | 27.2 | 30.5 | 21.3* | 16.9* |
| 1 year (%) | 28.3 | 30.2 | 26.2* | 19.0*† |
| 1 year+complication (%) | 46.0 | 47.3 | 45.9 | 39.5 |